ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™
ืฉึตืื
ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™

ืชื•ืžืืก


ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก

ืชื•ืžืืก ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื‘ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืจ ืืจืžื™ ืขืชื™ืง, ื”ื ื’ื–ืจ ืžื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ืชึฐึผืื•ึนืžึธื' (ืชืื•ืžื) ืฉืคื™ืจื•ืฉื” 'ืชืื•ื'. ื”ืฉื ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื›ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื™ืฉื•, ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” 'ืชื•ืžื ื”ืชืื•ื', ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ืœืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื” ื•ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช - ื”ื•ื ืžืกืžืœ ืœื ืจืง ืืช ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืœื™ื“ืช ืชืื•ืžื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื–ื•ื’ื™ื•ืช, ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื•ืื—ื“ื•ืช. ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืจืžื™ืช, ืฉื‘ื” ื ื•ืœื“ ื”ืฉื, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื•ืฉืคืชื” ืฉื™ืžืฉื” ื›ืฉืคืช ื”ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื•ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืžืื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื. ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ื’ืฉืจ ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื ื•ืฆืจื™, ื•ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืขืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช, ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช, ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ืคื•ืฅ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื ื•ืฆืจื™ ืฉืœื•. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื‘ืขืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ืœื” ืชื•ืคืขื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ื”ืฉื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื•ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”. ืชื•ืคืขื” ื–ื• ืžืฉืงืคืช ืžื’ืžื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืงืœื• ืขืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™. ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก ื ืชืคืก ื›ืฉื ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™, ืงืœืืกื™ ื•ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช. ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ 'ืชืื•ื' ืžื•ืกื™ืคื” ืœืฉื ืžืžื“ ืฉืœ ืงืฉืจ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ืขืžื•ืง - ื”ื•ื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื—ื™ื ืชืื•ืžื™ื, ืงืฉืจ ืฉืžืื•ืคื™ื™ืŸ ืœืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ืขืžื•ืงื”, ื”ื‘ื ื” ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ื•ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช. ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช, ื”ืชืื•ืžื™ื ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ืขืฉื• ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืชืื•ืžื™ื ืคืจืฅ ื•ื–ืจื— ืžืกืžืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืฉืœืช ื•ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”. ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ื’ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืกืžืœื™ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ื“ื•ืืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื - ืื•ืจ ื•ื—ื•ืฉืš, ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืจืข, ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืื“ื ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืืช ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืชืคืก ื›ืžื™ ืฉืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื‘, ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื’ืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืชืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืžืกืžืœืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช - ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืชืื—ื“ื™ื, ื ื•ืฆืจืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™, ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก ื ื•ืฉื ืงื•ื ื•ื˜ืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ื ื˜ืœื™ื’ื ืฆื™ื”, ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื•ืฉืืœืชื ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ 'ืชื•ืžื ื”ืžืคืงืคืง' (Doubting Thomas), ื”ืžืชืืจ ืื“ื ืฉื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ืชื. ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื–ื•, ืฉื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื ืชืคืกื” ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื›ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช, ื–ื•ื›ื” ื›ื™ื•ื ืœื”ืขืจื›ื” ื›ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืœื’ื™ืฉื” ืžื“ืขื™ืช. ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื”ืŸ ืžืขื ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื”ื ืฉื ื‘ืขืœ ืขื•ืžืง ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™, ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื•ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื—ื–ืงื”.

ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก ืžื ื•ืงื“

ืชึผื•ึนืžึธืืก

ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

Thomas | Tom | Tommy

ืชื•ืžืืก ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ

ื‘ืŸ

ื”ืื ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™

ืœื

ืžืงื•ื ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก ืžื”ืชื "ืš

ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื:ื™ื“ - ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึถืจ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืžึฐืึนืจึนืช ื‘ึดึผืจึฐืงึดื™ืขึท ื”ึทืฉึธึผืืžึทื™ึดื ืœึฐื”ึทื‘ึฐื“ึดึผื™ืœ ื‘ึตึผื™ืŸ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื•ึผื‘ึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทืœึธึผื™ึฐืœึธื”

ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก ืžื”ืงื‘ืœื”

ื‘ืงื‘ืœื”, ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื. ื”ืชืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืืช ื”ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ื ืกืชืจืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื”ื™ืคื›ื™ื, ื•ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืœืŸ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช. ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉื ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ืืžืช ื•ืฉืœืžื•ืช.

ืขืจืš ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ ืœืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก

507

=

400

ืช

+

6

ื•

+

40

ืž

+

1

ื

+

60

ืก

ืขืจืš ื ื•ืžืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืœืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก

3

=

400

ืช

+

6

ื•

+

40

ืž

+

1

ื

+

60

ืก

=

507

=

5

+

0

+

7

=

12

=

1

+

2

=

3

ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก

ืชื•ืžืืก ืื“ื™ืกื•ืŸ - ื”ืžืžืฆื™ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื | ืชื•ืžืืก ื’'ืคืจืกื•ืŸ - ื ืฉื™ื ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ | ืชื•ื ื”ื ืงืก - ืฉื—ืงืŸ ื”ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“ื™ ื–ื•ื›ื” ืื•ืกืงืจ | ืชื•ืžืืก ืžืืŸ - ืกื•ืคืจ ื’ืจืžื ื™ ื—ืชืŸ ืคืจืก ื ื•ื‘ืœ | ืชื•ืžืก ืžื•ืจ - ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืฃ ื•ืžื“ื™ื ืื™ ืื ื’ืœื™

ืฉืžื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืชื•ืžืืก

ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก ื ืจืฉื

268 ืคืขืžื™ื

ื’ืจืฃ ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืžืืก

* ืžืงื•ืจ: ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืืคืจื™ืœ 2022

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