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ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™

ืืœืชืจ


ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ืืœืชืจ

ืืœืชืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืขื‘ืจื™-ื™ื™ื“ื™ ืžืจืชืง ื‘ืขืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช. ื”ืฉื ืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ื™ื™ื“ื™ืช, ืฉื‘ื” "ืึทืœึฐื˜ึถืจ" (Alter) ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• "ื–ืงืŸ" ืื• "ืงืฉื™ืฉ", ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ื›ืฉื ืกื’ื•ืœื” ืœืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื•ืจื›ื™ื. ื‘ืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ืช, ื”ื™ื” ื ื”ื•ื’ ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืชื™ื ื•ืง ื—ื•ืœื” ืื• ื—ืœืฉ ื‘ืฉื "ืืœืชืจ" ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืžื•ื– ืœืฉื˜ืŸ ื•ืœืžืœืืš ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื“ื ื–ืงืŸ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื•, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ ื•ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื• ื›ื•ื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉ. ืžื ื”ื’ ื–ื” ืžืฉืงืฃ ืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื”ืขืžื•ืงื” ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ืฉื ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื’ื•ืจืœ ื”ืื“ื ื•ืขืœ ืื•ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื•. ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ืœืžื™ืœื” "ืœืืœืชืจ" ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ - "ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช", "ืชื™ื›ืฃ", "ืœืœื ื“ื™ื—ื•ื™". ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื–ื• ืžืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืืจืžื™ืช, ืฉื‘ื” "ืืœืชืจ" ืžืฉืžืขื• "ื‘ืžืงื•ื", "ืžื™ื“". ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ: ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ื”ืฉื ืžืกืžืœ ื–ืงื ื” ื•ืืจื•ืš ื™ืžื™ื, ื•ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ - ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคืจืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื›ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืžื™ื“, ืืš ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืืจื•ื›ื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื™ืฉื ื” ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ื”ืžืคืจืงืช ืืช ื”ืฉื ืœืฉื ื™ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื: "ืืœ" - ืืœื•ื”ื™ื, ื•"ืชืจ" ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ืœืชื•ืจ, ืœื—ืคืฉ. ืœืคื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื–ื”, "ืืœืชืจ" ืžืฉืžืขื• "ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ืคืฉ" ืื• "ืžื™ ืฉืืœื•ื”ื™ื ืžื—ืคืฉ", ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืขื ื™ืง ืœืฉื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื ื‘ื—ืจื•ืช ื•ืฉืœ ืงืฉืจ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื‘ื•ืจื. ื”ืฉื ืืœืชืจ ื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืืฉื›ื ื–, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื ืฉืžืจื• ื”ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื•ืช. ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉื ืขืžื• ื ื™ื—ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื™ืฉืŸ, ืฉืœ ืฉื˜ืขื˜ืœ ื•ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช. ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืฉื ืขืชื™ืง ื•ืžืขื˜ ืžื™ื•ืฉืŸ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื ื ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืขื ื™ืงื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ืžืชื•ืš ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœืฉืžืจ ืžืกื•ืจืช ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช, ืœื”ื ืฆื™ื— ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืื”ื•ื‘, ืื• ืžืชื•ืš ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืกื’ื•ืœืชื•. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืžื’ืžื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืฉืžื•ืช ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ืขืชื™ืงื™ื, ื•ื”ืฉื ืืœืชืจ ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืคืฉื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื•ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ื”ืฉื ืžื‘ื˜ื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืขื‘ืจ, ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืžืกื•ืจืช, ื•ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืืจื•ืš ื•ืžื‘ื•ืจืš.

ื”ืฉื ืืœืชืจ ืžื ื•ืงื“

ืึทืœึฐืชึธึผืจ

ื”ืฉื ืืœืชืจ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

Alter | Altar

ืืœืชืจ ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ

ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช

ื”ืื ื”ืฉื ืืœืชืจ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™

ืœื

ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ืืœืชืจ ืžื”ืงื‘ืœื”

ื‘ืงื‘ืœื”, ื”ืฉื ืืœืชืจ ื ื•ืฉื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืžื™ื. ื”ืฉื ื ืชืคืก ื›ืกื’ื•ืœื” ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื”ืžืขื ื™ืงื” ื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื’ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืจืขื™ื. ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืง ืœืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื "ืืœ" ื•"ืชืจ" ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ ืื—ืจ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื”, ื•ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ืœื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื”ืฉื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ืžืกืข ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœืขื‘ืจ ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™.

ืขืจืš ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ ืœืฉื ืืœืชืจ

631

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ืขืจืš ื ื•ืžืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืœืฉื ืืœืชืจ

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ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืืœืชืจ

ืืœืชืจ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ - ืกื•ืคืจ ื•ืžืชืจื’ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ | ืืœืชืจ ืงืฆ'ื™ื–ื ื” - ืจื‘ื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ ืžืคื•ืจืกื | ืืœืชืจ ืจื‘ืงื - ืจื‘ื ื™ืช ื•ืฆื“ืงืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืช | ืืœืชืจ ืœื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ' - ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ื“ืชื™

ืฉืžื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืืœืชืจ

ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื ืืœืชืจ ื ืจืฉื

413 ืคืขืžื™ื

ื’ืจืฃ ื”ืฉื ืืœืชืจ

* ืžืงื•ืจ: ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืืคืจื™ืœ 2022

ืืœืชืจ โ€” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื | ืฉึตืื