ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™
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ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™

ืจื•ืžืŸ


ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ

ื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื•ืžืจืชืงืช, ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช. ืžืงื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื‘ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช, ืฉื ื”ื•ื ื ื’ื–ืจ ืžื”ืžื™ืœื” "Romanus" ืฉืคื™ืจื•ืฉื” "ืจื•ืžืื™" ืื• "ืžืจื•ืžื", ื•ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืื™ืžืคืจื™ื” ื”ืจื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืขืชื™ืงื” ื•ืœืขื•ืฆืžืชื”. ื”ืฉื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ, ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื” ื•ืจื•ืกื™ื”. ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื•, ื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ ื ืชืคืก ื›ืฉื ืืฆื™ืœื™ ื•ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“, ื”ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงืœืืกื™ืช ื•ืœื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืขืชื™ืงื”. ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื•ื ืงืฉืจ ืœืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื—, ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืช ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื ืืœืฆื• ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืจื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช, ื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ ืกื™ืžืœ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืื™ืชื ื™ื ื•ื—ื–ืงื™ื ืžื•ืœ ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื. ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ื’ื ืงื•ื ื•ื˜ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ื•ื ืฉื’ื‘ื•ืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ "ืจื•ื" ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืฉื. ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื”, ื”ืฉื ืžื‘ื˜ื ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืžืขืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืกืจื™ื•ืช, ืœืขืœื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืชืจื•ืžื ืžืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ื ื”ืืจืฆื™. ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ื•ืช ืื• ืกื‘ื™ื, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื. ื›ื™ื•ื, ื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื ืจื—ื‘ ื”ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืฉื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฆื ืจื•ืกื™ ื•ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™, ืืš ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืฆื” ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืžืื•ืžืฅ ื’ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฆืื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื. ื”ืฉื ื ืชืคืก ื›ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ื•ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืžืกื•ืจืชื™, ืžืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืœืžื•ืจืฉืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜orื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™. ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™, ื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื’ืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืจ ื•ื ื”ื’ื” ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช - ืžืจื•ืกื™ืช ื•ืคื•ืœื ื™ืช ื•ืขื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื•ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช. ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื“ืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืžืกื•ืจืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ืจื—ื‘ื”, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช. ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ืžืขื ื™ืงื™ื ืœื”ื ืฉื ื‘ืขืœ ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื”, ืฉื ืฉื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื—, ืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื.

ื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ ืžื ื•ืงื“

ืจื•ึนืžึธืŸ

ื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

Roman | Romen

ืจื•ืžืŸ ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ

ื‘ืŸ

ื”ืื ื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™

ื›ืŸ

ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ ืžื”ืงื‘ืœื”

ื‘ืงื‘ืœื”, ื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ ื ื•ืฉื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืชืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื”. ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ 'ืจื•ื' ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืจืžื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืจื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™. ื”ืฉื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ืžืกืข ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืžื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช ืืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช.

ืขืจืš ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ ืœืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ

296

=

200

ืจ

+

6

ื•

+

40

ืž

+

50

ืŸ

ืขืจืš ื ื•ืžืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืœืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ

8

=

200

ืจ

+

6

ื•

+

40

ืž

+

50

ืŸ

=

296

=

2

+

9

+

6

=

17

=

1

+

7

=

8

ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ

ืจื•ืžืŸ ืื‘ืจืžื•ื‘ื™ืฅ' - ืื™ืฉ ืขืกืงื™ื ืจื•ืกื™-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ ืฆ'ืœืกื™ | ืจื•ืžืŸ ืคื•ืœื ืกืงื™ - ื‘ืžืื™ ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข ืขื˜ื•ืจ ืคืจืกื™ื ืžืžื•ืฆื ืคื•ืœื ื™-ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ | ืจื•ืžืŸ ื–ื“ื•ืจื•ื‘ - ื“ืžื•ืช ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ | ืจื•ืžืŸ ื’ืจื™ืคืœ - ืฉื—ืงืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืžืžื•ืฆื ืจื•ืกื™

ืฉืžื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืจื•ืžืŸ

ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ ื ืจืฉื

286 ืคืขืžื™ื

ื’ืจืฃ ื”ืฉื ืจื•ืžืŸ

* ืžืงื•ืจ: ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืืคืจื™ืœ 2022

ืจื•ืžืŸ โ€” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื | ืฉึตืื