ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™
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ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™

ืคืœื™ืงืก


ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก

ืคืœื™ืงืก ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื‘ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ ืขืชื™ืง ืฉืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• "ืžืื•ืฉืจ", "ื‘ืจ ืžื–ืœ" ืื• "ืžืฆืœื™ื—". ื”ืฉื ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืจื•ืžื™ืช ื•ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื›ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืื ื˜ื•ื ื™ื•ืก ืคืœื™ืงืก, ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 52-58 ืœืกืคื™ืจื”. ืœืžืจื•ืช ืžืงื•ืจื• ื”ืœื-ืขื‘ืจื™, ื”ืฉื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื”ืœื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื•ื”ืจื•ืžื™ืช, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื—ื™ืคืฉื• ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื”ื ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื”ื•ืชื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช. ื”ืฉื ืžืฉืงืฃ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ ืœืื•ืฉืจ ื•ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื”, ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืขืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช. ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช, ืคืœื™ืงืก ื—ื–ืจ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื•ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ื•ื”ืคืš ืœืฉื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžื•ื›ืจ ื•ืื”ื•ื“. ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉื ืื•ืคื™ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื•ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื–ื•ื”ื” ืขื ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืื•ืคื™ ื›ืžื• ืฉืžื—ืช ื—ื™ื™ื, ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืฉื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืฉื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฉื’ืจืชื™, ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกื•ืจืช ืขืชื™ืงื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืคื™ ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™. ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก ืžื‘ื˜ืื™ื ืืช ืชืงื•ื•ืชื ืฉื™ืœื“ื ื™ื—ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื•ืžืœืื™ ื”ืฆืœื—ื”. ื”ืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก ื ื•ืฉื ืขืžื• ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื”ืžืฉืชืจืขืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื™ื‘ืฉื•ืช ื•ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช. ืžื”ืงื™ืกืจื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืžื™ืช ื•ืขื“ ืœื™ืžื™ื ื•, ื”ืฉื ืฉื™ืžืจ ืืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช. ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืืžื ื•ืช, ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื—ื•ืช, ืžื–ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื• ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื•ืช. ื”ืฉื ื’ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ืœื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช - ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช "ืคืœื™ืงืก" ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื ืจื—ื‘ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ืœื™ ืžื–ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘. ื›ื™ื•ื, ื”ืฉื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”, ื‘ืกืงื ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื“ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืฉื ืงืœืืกื™ ื•ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื’ื™ืœ ื•ืœื›ืœ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช.

ื”ืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก ืžื ื•ืงื“

ืคึถืœึดื™ืงึฐืก

ื”ืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

Felix | Feliks

ืคืœื™ืงืก ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ

ื‘ืŸ

ื”ืื ื”ืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™

ื›ืŸ

ืžืงื•ื ื”ืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก ืžื”ืชื "ืš

ืžืขืฉื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ื›ื“:ื›ื” - ื•ึทื™ึดึผืงึฐืจึธื ืึถืชึพืคึตึผืœึดื™ืงึฐืก ื”ึทืžึผื•ึนืฉึตืืœ ื•ึทื™ึฐื“ึทื‘ึตึผืจ ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื• ืขึทืœึพื”ึทืฆึฐึผื“ึธืงึธื” ื•ึฐืขึทืœึพื”ึทืคึฐึผืจึดื™ืฉืื•ึผืช ื•ึฐืขึทืœึพื”ึทืžึดึผืฉึฐืืคึธึผื˜ ื”ึถืขึธืชึดื™ื“

ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก ืžื”ืงื‘ืœื”

ื‘ืงื‘ืœื”, ื”ืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ืœืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ื ืฆื— ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ื ืฆื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช. ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ืžืขื•ื“ื“ืช ืฉืžื—ื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”, ื•ืžืกืžืœืช ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืจ ื’ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืš.

ืขืจืš ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ ืœืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก

280

=

80

ืค

+

30

ืœ

+

10

ื™

+

100

ืง

+

60

ืก

ืขืจืš ื ื•ืžืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืœืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก

1

=

80

ืค

+

30

ืœ

+

10

ื™

+

100

ืง

+

60

ืก

=

280

=

2

+

8

+

0

=

10

=

1

+

0

=

1

ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก

ืคืœื™ืงืก ืžื ื“ืœืกื•ืŸ - ืžืœื—ื™ืŸ ื’ืจืžื ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžื”ืžืื” ื”-19 | ืคืœื™ืงืก ื‘ืœื•ืš - ืคื™ื–ื™ืงืื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ืฆืจื™-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื—ืชืŸ ืคืจืก ื ื•ื‘ืœ | ืคืœื™ืงืก ืกืืœื˜ืŸ - ืกื•ืคืจ ืื•ืกื˜ืจื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ืžื—ื‘ืจ "ื‘ืžื‘ื™" | ืคืœื™ืงืก ืจื•ื–ื ื‘ืœื•ื - ืฉื—ืงืŸ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ื’'ืง ื‘ื ื™ | ืคืœื™ืงืก ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ืจื˜ืŸ - ืžื ืฆื— ืื•ืกื˜ืจื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžืคื•ืจืกื

ืฉืžื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืคืœื™ืงืก

ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก ื ืจืฉื

218 ืคืขืžื™ื

ื’ืจืฃ ื”ืฉื ืคืœื™ืงืก

* ืžืงื•ืจ: ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืืคืจื™ืœ 2022

ืคืœื™ืงืก โ€” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื | ืฉึตืื