ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™
ืฉึตืื
ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™

ืกื˜ื™ื‘


ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ืกื˜ื™ื‘

ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืคืจื˜ื™ ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืื” ื”ืขืฉืจื™ื, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืžืื– ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื. ื”ืฉื ื”ื•ื ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื”ืžืœื ืกื˜ื™ื‘ืŸ (Stephen), ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืขืชื™ืงื” "ืกื˜ืคื ื•ืก" (ฮฃฯ„ฮญฯ†ฮฑฮฝฮฟฯ‚) ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• "ื›ืชืจ" ืื• "ืขื˜ืจื”". ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช-ืจื•ืžื™ืช, ื”ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืžืœ ืžืขืžื“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืืฆื™ืœื•ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืขืžื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื. ื”ืฉื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื“ืจืš ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ืกื˜ืคื ื•ืก ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื™ืืงื•ื ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืงื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื ื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื ื”ืจื’ ืขืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื. ืžืฉื ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ื”ืฉื ืœื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช: Stephen ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ร‰tienne ื‘ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช, Esteban ื‘ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช, ื•-Stefan ื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช ืกืœืื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืฉื ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ื ืชืคืก ื›ืฉื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™, ื”ืžืฉืงืฃ ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™. ื”ื•ื ื”ืคืš ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœืชืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืงืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื™ื” ื•ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื’ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉื ืขืžื• ืืกื•ืฆื™ืืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ื”, ื™ื–ืžื•ืช ื•ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ื’'ื•ื‘ืก, ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืืคืœ, ืฉื”ืคืš ืœืกืžืœ ืฉืœ ื—ื–ื•ืŸ, ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืฉื ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ืœื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ื•ื•ื ื“ืจ, ื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืื™ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื, ื•ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ืกืคื™ืœื‘ืจื’, ื‘ืžืื™ ื”ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข ื”ืžืฆืœื™ื—. ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื’ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ, ื›ืžื• ืกื™ืœื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื (ืกื˜ื™ื‘), ืฉื›ื™ื”ืŸ ื›ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืžื” ืฉืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ืงื‘ืœืชื• ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช. ื”ืฉื ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ืžื‘ื˜ื ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช, ื™ื•ืงืจื” ื•ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ื ืชืคืก ื›ืฉื ื“ื™ื ืžื™ ื•ืื ืจื’ื˜ื™, ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ืฉืืคืชื ื™ืช. ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืฉื ืขื‘ืจื™ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™, ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื‘ืคืกื™ืคืก ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ, ื•ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ืกืžื•ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช. ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉื ืขืžื• ื’ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช "ื›ืชืจ", ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื›ืจื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช. ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื ื•ืฉืื™ื”ื ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื”ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช.

ื”ืฉื ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ืžื ื•ืงื“

ืกึฐื˜ึดื™ื‘

ื”ืฉื ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

Steve | Steven | Stephen

ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ

ื‘ืŸ

ื”ืื ื”ืฉื ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™

ื›ืŸ

ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ืžื”ืงื‘ืœื”

ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืงื‘ืœื™ืช, ื”ืฉื ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ืžื•ืฉื’ ื”ื›ืชืจ ("ื›ืชืจ") ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ืขืฅ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืงื‘ืœื™. ื”ื›ืชืจ ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืœืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™, ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื ืขืœื” ื•ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขื ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ. ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉื ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืฉืจืื”.

ืขืจืš ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ ืœืฉื ืกื˜ื™ื‘

81

=

60

ืก

+

9

ื˜

+

10

ื™

+

2

ื‘

ืขืจืš ื ื•ืžืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืœืฉื ืกื˜ื™ื‘

9

=

60

ืก

+

9

ื˜

+

10

ื™

+

2

ื‘

=

81

=

8

+

1

=

9

ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืกื˜ื™ื‘

ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ื’'ื•ื‘ืก (ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ืืคืœ) | ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ื•ื•ื ื“ืจ (ื–ืžืจ ื•ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืื™) | ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ืกืคื™ืœื‘ืจื’ (ื‘ืžืื™ ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข) | ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ืžืจื˜ื™ืŸ (ืฉื—ืงืŸ ื•ืงื•ืžื™ืงืื™) | ืกื™ืœื‘ืŸ (ืกื˜ื™ื‘) ืฉืœื•ื (ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™) | ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ืžืื“ืŸ (ืžืขืฆื‘ ื ืขืœื™ื™ื) | ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ืงืืจืœ (ืฉื—ืงืŸ) | ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ืื•ืงื™ (ืชืงืœื™ื˜ืŸ)

ืฉืžื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืกื˜ื™ื‘

ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื ืกื˜ื™ื‘ ื ืจืฉื

304 ืคืขืžื™ื

ื’ืจืฃ ื”ืฉื ืกื˜ื™ื‘

* ืžืงื•ืจ: ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืืคืจื™ืœ 2022

ืกื˜ื™ื‘ โ€” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื | ืฉึตืื