ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™
ืฉึตืื
ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™

ื˜ืื™


ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื˜ืื™

ื”ืฉื ื˜ืื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื‘ืขืœ ืื•ืคื™ ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™, ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช ืžืžืกืคืจ ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช, ื”ืฉื ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉืชื™ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ - ื˜ื™ืช ื•ื™ื•ื“ - ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื• ืœืื—ื“ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืงืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ืชืžืฆื™ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช. ืœืžืจื•ืช ืงื•ืฆืจื•, ื”ืฉื ื˜ืื™ ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืขื•ืžืง ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ ืจื‘ ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืžืงื•ืจืŸ ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืจื—ื•ืง. ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ื ื™ืช, ื”ืฉื ื˜ืื™ (ๆณฐ) ื ื•ืฉื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื“ืœื•ืช, ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื•ื—ื•ื–ืง. ื”ืฉื ืžื‘ื˜ื ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืฉืœื•ื•ื” ื•ืฉืœืžื•ืช. ื‘ืกื™ื ื™ืช ืงืœืืกื™ืช, ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื˜ืื™ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืชืืจื™ื ืฉืœื•ื•ื” ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื•ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช. ื”ืฉื ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ื’ื ืœื”ืจ ื˜ืื™ ืฉืืŸ, ืื—ื“ ืžื—ืžืฉืช ื”ื”ืจื™ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืŸ, ื”ืžืกืžืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื ืฆื—ื™ืช ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืฉืžื™ื™ื. ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ืื˜ื ืžื™ืช, ื”ืฉื ื˜ืื™ (Tร i) ืžืชืคืจืฉ ื›ื‘ืขืœ ื›ื™ืฉืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืžื•ื›ืฉืจ ืื• ื‘ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช. ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื–ื• ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™, ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™. ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืชืื™ืœื ื“ื™ืช ื•ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื˜ืื™ ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืœืื“ื ืžืžื•ืฆื ืชืื™ืœื ื“ื™, ื•ื”ื•ื ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืชืื™ืœื ื“" ืื• "Thai". ื”ืฉื ืžื‘ื˜ื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื•ืขืชื™ืงื”, ืœืืจืฅ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” "ืืจืฅ ื”ื—ื™ื•ืš", ื•ืœืžืกื•ืจืช ื‘ื•ื“ื”ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืขืžื•ืงื”. ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืฉื ื˜ืื™ ื”ื—ืœ ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืžื’ืžื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืจื‘-ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื. ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื–ื” ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืฉื ืงืฆืจ, ืงืœ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™, ื‘ืขืœ ืฆืœื™ืœ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ื•ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ื’ื ื™ื—ื“. ื”ืฉื ืžืชืื™ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื’ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™, ื‘ื• ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืช ืืœื ืคืชื•ื—ื” ืœืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช. ื”ืฉื ื˜ืื™ ืžื‘ื˜ื ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช, ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžืงื”ื™ืœื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช. ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืžืกืจ ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื›ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช. ื”ืฉื ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืงืฉืจ ืœืžื–ืจื— ื”ืจื—ื•ืง, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืจืš ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช, ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืื• ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ ืขืžื•ืง. ื›ืฉื ืงืฆืจ ื•ืชืžืฆื™ืชื™, ื˜ืื™ ืงืœ ืœื–ื›ื™ืจื”, ื ืขื™ื ืœืื•ื–ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืขืœ ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื” ืœืžืจื•ืช ืคืฉื˜ื•ืชื•.

ื”ืฉื ื˜ืื™ ืžื ื•ืงื“

ื˜ึทืื™

ื”ืฉื ื˜ืื™ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

Tai | Ty | Thai

ื˜ืื™ ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ

ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช

ื”ืื ื”ืฉื ื˜ืื™ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™

ื›ืŸ

ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ื˜ืื™ ืžื”ืงื‘ืœื”

ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืงื‘ืœื™ืช, ื”ืฉื ื˜ืื™ ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื - ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื–ืจื— ืœืžืขืจื‘, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช. ื”ืื•ืช ื˜ื™ืช ืžืกืžืœืช ื”ืกืชืจื” ื•ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ืื•ืช ื™ื•ื“ ื”ื™ื ื”ืื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืš ืžื›ื™ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”. ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื‘ืœื™ ืฉื’ื“ืœื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชืžืฆื™ืช. ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉื ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื— ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืžืชื•ืŸ.

ืขืจืš ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ ืœืฉื ื˜ืื™

20

=

9

ื˜

+

1

ื

+

10

ื™

ืขืจืš ื ื•ืžืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืœืฉื ื˜ืื™

2

=

9

ื˜

+

1

ื

+

10

ื™

=

20

=

2

+

0

=

2

ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื˜ืื™

ื˜ืื™ ื•ืจื”ื•ื‘ืŸ (ืฉื—ืงืŸ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™) | ื˜ืื™ ื˜ื•ืงืจ (ืžืขืฆื‘ ืื•ืคื ื” ืืžืจื™ืงืื™) | ื˜ืื™ ื“ื•ืžื™ (ืฉื—ืงืŸ ืงื ื“ื™)

ืฉืžื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื˜ืื™

ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื ื˜ืื™ ื ืจืฉื

267 ืคืขืžื™ื

ื’ืจืฃ ื”ืฉื ื˜ืื™

* ืžืงื•ืจ: ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืืคืจื™ืœ 2022

ื˜ืื™ โ€” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื | ืฉึตืื