ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™
ืฉึตืื
ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™

ื—ื™


ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื—ื™

ื—ื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืขื‘ืจื™ ืงืฆืจ ื•ืขืžื•ืง ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžื. ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” - 'ื—ื™' ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ื—ื™ื™ื, ืงื™ื•ื, ื ืฉื™ืžื” ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช. ื–ื”ื• ืื—ื“ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืงืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืฉืชื™ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืืš ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืฉื ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื›ืกืžืœ ืžืจื›ื–ื™, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื 'ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื™' ื•ื‘ืกืžืœ ื”ื—ื™ (ื—"ื™) ืฉืžืกืคืจื• ื”ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ 18 ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืžื–ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœื‘ืจื›ื”. ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื—ื™ ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืคื•ืขืœ 'ืœื—ื™ื•ืช', ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงืจื ื•ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื›ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื—ื™ื™ื, ืœืงื™ื•ื ื•ืœื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ื”ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื”ืฉื ื—ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืกืคืจื“ ื•ื”ืžื–ืจื—, ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ืื•ืคื™ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ื•ื—ื. ื”ืฉื ืžืฉื“ืจ ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช, ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื, ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื•ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืจื™ืช. ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ 'ืœื—ื™ื™ื' - ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืžืœื•ื•ื” ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื“ื•ืจื•ืช. ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ืช, ื”ืฉื ื—ื™ ื ื•ืฉื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื” - ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ืขืชื™ืง ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจ ืœืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื, ื•ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ื•ืงืฆืจ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ืœืจื•ื— ื”ื–ืžืŸ. ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื–ื” ืžื‘ื˜ืื™ื ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื”ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื™ืœื“ื ืœืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื”. ื”ืฉื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžื, ืืช ื”ื™ื•ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืงื™ื•ื ื•ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข. ื–ื”ื• ืฉื ืฉืžืขื•ืจืจ ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื—ืžื™ื, ืงืจื‘ื” ืœืžืกื•ืจืช ื•ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื•ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื”.

ื”ืฉื ื—ื™ ืžื ื•ืงื“

ื—ึทื™

ื”ืฉื ื—ื™ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

Chai | Hai | Chay

ื—ื™ ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ

ื‘ืŸ

ื”ืื ื”ืฉื ื—ื™ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™

ืœื

ืžืงื•ื ื”ืฉื ื—ื™ ืžื”ืชื "ืš

ืฉืžื•ืช ื’ืณ:ื™ืดื“ - ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึถืจ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืึถืœึพืžึนืฉึถืื” ืึถื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืึถื”ึฐื™ึถื”

ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ื—ื™ ืžื”ืงื‘ืœื”

ื‘ืงื‘ืœื”, ื”ืฉื ื—ื™ ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื”. ื”ืžืกืคืจ 18 (ื—"ื™) ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืžืกืคืจ ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื”ืฉืคืข ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ ืœืขื•ืœื. ื”ืฉื ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžื—ื™ื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื•ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ืฆื—ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•, ื•ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ืขืจืš ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ ืœืฉื ื—ื™

18

=

8

ื—

+

10

ื™

ืขืจืš ื ื•ืžืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืœืฉื ื—ื™

9

=

8

ื—

+

10

ื™

=

18

=

1

+

8

=

9

ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื—ื™

ื—ื™ ืื“ื™ื‘ - ืฉื—ืงืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ | ื—ื™ ื“ื•ื™ื“ื•ื‘ - ืืžืŸ ื•ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืื™ | ื—ื™ ื›ื”ืŸ - ืื™ืฉ ืขืกืงื™ื ื•ืคื™ืœื ืชืจื•ืค

ืฉืžื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื—ื™

ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื ื—ื™ ื ืจืฉื

1813 ืคืขืžื™ื

ื’ืจืฃ ื”ืฉื ื—ื™

* ืžืงื•ืจ: ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืืคืจื™ืœ 2022

ื—ื™ โ€” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื | ืฉึตืื