ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™
ืฉึตืื
ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™

ืื ื“ืจื™


ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ืื ื“ืจื™

ืื ื“ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื‘ืขืœ ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ืขืชื™ืงื™ื ื•ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืจื‘ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื•ืช. ื”ืฉื ืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืขืชื™ืงื” 'ืื ื“ืจืืก' (แผˆฮฝฮดฯฮญฮฑฯ‚), ืฉืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• 'ื’ื‘ืจื™', 'ืืžื™ืฅ' ืื• 'ื—ื–ืง', ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื’ื–ืจ ืžื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช 'ืื ืจ' (แผ€ฮฝฮฎฯ) ืฉืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” 'ื’ื‘ืจ'. ื”ืฉื ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ืœืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ืื ื“ืจืืก (ืื ื“ืจื•) ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉื• ื•ื”ืคืš ืœืงื“ื•ืฉ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ื ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื•ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื›ืื—ื“. ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืฉื ืื ื“ืจื™ ื ืงืœื˜ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฉืคืขื• ืžื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืกืœืื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ืจื•ืกื™ืช, ื›ืžื• ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื”, ืจื•ืกื™ื” ื•ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ. ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืืœื•, ื”ืฉื ื”ืคืš ืœื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืžืื” ื”-19 ื•ื”-20, ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืื™ืžืฆื• ืฉืžื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืœืฆื“ ืฉืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื. ื”ืฉื ืื ื“ืจื™ ื ื•ืฉื ืขื™ืžื• ืงื•ื ื•ื˜ืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ืื•ืžืฅ ืœื‘. ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื“ืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืคื™ ื—ื–ืง. ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืฉื ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื”ืŸ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืงื™ืคื•ืช ืื•ืคื™, ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื•ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื. ื›ื™ื•ื, ื”ืฉื ืื ื“ืจื™ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืฉื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืžืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ืขืฉื™ืจื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆืœื™ืœ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ื•ื ืขื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฆื ืจื•ืกื™, ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื™ ื•ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ ืžื–ืจื—ื™, ืืš ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช ื’ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื—ืคืฉื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœ ืื•ืคื™ ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™. ื”ืฉื ืžื‘ื˜ื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ืช. ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ืื ื“ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื ืช ืœืฉื ืฉืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื’ืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ืœื”ื™ืฉืžืข ืžื•ื›ืจ ื•ื ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืขืช ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื• ื•ืืช ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ืขื™ืžื•.

ื”ืฉื ืื ื“ืจื™ ืžื ื•ืงื“

ืึทื ึฐื“ึฐึผืจึตื™

ื”ืฉื ืื ื“ืจื™ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

Andrey | Andrei | Andre | Andrew

ืื ื“ืจื™ ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ

ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช

ื”ืื ื”ืฉื ืื ื“ืจื™ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™

ื›ืŸ

ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ืื ื“ืจื™ ืžื”ืงื‘ืœื”

ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืงื‘ืœื™ืช, ื”ืฉื ืื ื“ืจื™ ื ื•ืฉื ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช. ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื— ืคื™ื–ื™ ืœื›ื•ื— ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ืœืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื. ื”ืฉื ืžืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื ื•ืฉืื• ืœืคืชื— ืื•ืžืฅ ืœื‘ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืœืžืขืŸ ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื ืขืœื•ืช.

ืขืจืš ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ ืœืฉื ืื ื“ืจื™

265

=

1

ื

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50

ื 

+

4

ื“

+

200

ืจ

+

10

ื™

ืขืจืš ื ื•ืžืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืœืฉื ืื ื“ืจื™

4

=

1

ื

+

50

ื 

+

4

ื“

+

200

ืจ

+

10

ื™

=

265

=

2

+

6

+

5

=

13

=

1

+

3

=

4

ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืื ื“ืจื™

ืื ื“ืจื™ื™ ื˜ืจืงื•ื‘ืกืงื™ (ื‘ืžืื™ ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข ืจื•ืกื™ ืžืคื•ืจืกื) | ืื ื“ืจื™ื™ ืกื—ืจื•ื‘ (ืคื™ื–ื™ืงืื™ ื•ืคืขื™ืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื ืจื•ืกื™, ื–ื•ื›ื” ืคืจืก ื ื•ื‘ืœ) | ืื ื“ืจื™ื™ ืืจืฉื‘ื™ืŸ (ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ ืžืฆื˜ื™ื™ืŸ) | ืื ื“ืจื™ื™ ืฉื‘ืฆ'ื ืงื• (ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœืŸ ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื™ ืื’ื“ื™) | ืื ื“ืจื™ื™ ืจื•ื‘ืœื‘ (ืฆื™ื™ืจ ืื™ื™ืงื•ื ื•ืช ืจื•ืกื™ ืžื”ืžืื” ื”-15)

ืฉืžื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืื ื“ืจื™

ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื ืื ื“ืจื™ ื ืจืฉื

251 ืคืขืžื™ื

ื’ืจืฃ ื”ืฉื ืื ื“ืจื™

* ืžืงื•ืจ: ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืืคืจื™ืœ 2022

ืื ื“ืจื™ โ€” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื | ืฉึตืื